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— 葡萄酒 | 威士忌 | 白兰地 | 啤酒 —
The buzz around 5G has been overwhelming, with massive promotion and construction efforts. However, the reality is that high package costs and conflicts between urban planning and 5G base station construction have slowed progress.
So, how can you experience ultra-fast, super-fast, and lightning-fast internet surfing? The answer is WiFi! Since the onset of the pandemic, online work and learning have become the norm, and sometimes even a combination of both. Despite having sufficient bandwidth at home, why does it still feel sluggish?
This article will guide you on how to choose and place your router.
① What is a Router?
Routers are devices that connect and forward data packets between networks. They assign local IP addresses to each device on the network, much like how a package needs a detailed address to be delivered accurately.
② Wired vs. Wireless Routers
Wired routers have LAN cable ports only, while wireless routers include antennas and wireless adapters to allow devices to connect without cables. Nowadays, wireless routers are the most common.
③ Core Routers vs. Edge Routers
Core routers are used by large enterprises to manage large volumes of data within a network. They operate at the network’s core and do not connect to external networks. Edge routers, on the other hand, communicate with both core routers and external networks, using protocols like BGP (Border Gateway Protocol) to send and receive data.
④ Virtual Routers
Virtual routers are software programs that use the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) to establish primary and backup virtual routers, ensuring network continuity in case of a primary router failure.
For this article, we will focus on common home routers, both wired and wireless.
WiFi is a technology that allows electronic devices to connect to a wireless local area network (WLAN), typically using 2.4G UHF and 5G SHF ISM radio bands. WiFi networks are usually password-protected but can also be open, allowing any device within range to connect. WiFi is a brand name for wireless networking technology, held by the WiFi Alliance.
WiFi 6, approved by the IEEE in September 2019, is now a major selling point for router manufacturers. It uses technologies like OFDMA and MU-MIMO to enhance performance. MU-MIMO (Multi-User Multiple Input Multiple Output) allows routers to communicate with multiple devices simultaneously, increasing efficiency and network capacity. WiFi 6 can communicate with up to 8 devices at once and offers a maximum speed of 9.6Gbps.
①: An international association of electrical and information technology engineers. Think of it as π and its corresponding value.
② MU-MIMO: In the 802.11ac standard, routers could only communicate with one client at a time. MU-MIMO allows routers to communicate with multiple devices simultaneously.
③ MIMO: Multi Input Multi Output. Multiple antennas create multiple paths for data transmission. More antennas mean better performance, but the receiving devices must also support MIMO.
④ OFDMA: WiFi 5 used OFDM, which required the entire wireless channel for data transmission. WiFi 6 uses OFDMA, allowing routers to communicate with multiple devices in a single transmission window.
⑤ Frequency Bands: WiFi 6 extends the WiFi band from 80 MHz to 160 MHz, doubling the channel width and reducing interference in environments with many smart devices.
⑥ OBSS: A WiFi 6 feature that improves network congestion by providing detailed information about incoming signals, reducing the need for devices to search for signals.
⑦ TWT: Target Wake Time technology allows devices to negotiate wake and sleep times, reducing unnecessary network competition and extending battery life for IoT devices.
Routers operate at the network layer, primarily used to build large networks and interconnect them. They generate and dynamically maintain routing tables, determine the best data forwarding routes, and forward data.
Common Router Ports:
Router CPU:
Speed Ratings:
Antenna Gain:
Router Memory:
Router Firmware:
QoS:
Network Protocols:
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